Metabolic syndrome, prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The commonly used definitions have similarities and discrepancies. Metabolic syndrome metsyn represents a clustering of different metabolic abnormalities. The growing burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nafld parallels the increasing prevalence of obesity in asia. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among working adults in. Nafld increases with increasing age and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. The international diabetes federation idf worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome provides physicians with the tools to quickly identify those at risk and also to.
Objective differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease cvd and its risk factors among occupational groups have been found in several studies. The overall prevalence of nafld in asia is now estimated to be 29. Jul 19, 2017 metabolic syndrome metsyn represents a clustering of different metabolic abnormalities. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the relative. Ethnic differences exist in the prevalence of nafld, but the. A comparison of the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. This article provides a global overview of the current trends and distribution of metabolic syndrome. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease meta. Mar 16, 2017 among us adults aged 18 years or older, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome rose by more than 35% from 19881994 to 20072012, increasing from 25.
The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was relatively stable across the 6year period. To update this prevalence, we performed a crosssectional survey among adults over 18 years old across china from may 20 to july 2014. Increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in korea. The effect of the metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular deaths in a general population with and without the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with. High blood pressure bp is a frequent component of ms, often associated with insulin resistance and central obesity 1, 2 and ms is an independent predictor of. Objectives the aim of this study was to examine sex disparity in metabolic syndrome prevalence and its risk factors among chinese adults.
Pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome clinics in. Its early identification is very important to facilitate preventive action. The current study was a populationbased survey of cohort of subjects in the metropolitan city of mumbai. Jan 21, 2017 the asia pacific region is home to nearly half of the worlds population. Conclusions our results provide the first estimates of the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome using the pediatric idf definition among. Request pdf epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in asia metabolic syndrome ms is a rising disease entity characterized by a clustering. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, investigation of changes in metabolic syndrome and its components in south korea, where rapid socioenvironmental changes have occurred in recent years, would be foundational in setting up an effective strategy for reducing this. Metabolic syndrome also known as the cardiometabolic syndrome refers to a cluster of related risk factors for cardiovascular disease that includes abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol. Metabolic syndrome mets is a cluster of interconnected risk factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease cvd and type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm. Prevalence and factor analysis of metabolic syndrome in an. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in south asia.
There are many studies with various populations and results about the prevalence of mets in iran. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions increased blood pressure, a high blood sugar level, excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol levels that occur together, increasing ones risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. National health statistics report number may 5, 2009. The metabolic syndrome contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and. The literature search has been carried out using the key words insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk. Metabolic syndrome ms is an increasing public health concern because of rapid lifestyle changes. Epidemiology metabolic syndrome affects approximately 24% of the us adult population. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies among populations with different ethnicities.
Aimto compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome ms using the world health organisation who, adult treatment panel iii atpiii and international diabetes federation idf criteria of ms in an urban south indian population, and their ability to. The survey included random samples from both urban and rural populations in seven geographical regions of turkey. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the united states. Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in a north. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome. Epidemiology and determinants of type 2 diabetes in south asia. For the purpose of describing prevalence data for the individual countries, studies that were most recent, nationally representative or with the largest. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemetaanalytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes zobair m. Metabolic syndrome, prevalence of metabolic syndrome in geographic area e. J glob diabetes clin metab results out of the total 1700 study subjects screened for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome mets, 818 48. Metabolic syndrome prevalence and its risk factors among. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in populations of.
Mets was defined using the modified national cholesterol education. Sep 02, 2014 metabolic syndrome ms is a set of metabolic disorders that represent risk factors for cardiovascular disease cvd, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 dm2. Metabolic syndrome mets is a complex risk factor which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Risk of developing metabolic syndrome increases as we age. We obtained 8573 subjects from the indonesian family life. Global increase of metabolic syndrome mets may have affected indonesia, however, lack of data in this multiethnic group country warrants a nationwide study for mets and its components. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components in south asia region. Apr 30, 2020 epidemiology metabolic syndrome affects approximately 24% of the us adult population. Pdf prevalence of metabolic syndrome using who, atpiii. The differences among countries reflect several lithogenic factors, including age, gender. Methods using the 20102012 china national nutrition and health survey cnnhs, a nationally representative crosssectional study on nutrition and noncommunicable chronic diseases, a total of 98,042 participants aged 18 years and older were included in. The prevalence of physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia. We sought to determine the relation between age of menarche and the metabolic syndrome in a rapidly developing chinese population. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among adults in the asia pacific region.
Trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its. This mets increase is in concordance with the 82% increase of the worldwide obesity. Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome sciencedirect. We carried out a retrospective historical cohort study of 7349 women from the guangzhou biobank cohort study, china, enrolled in 20032004. Consensus statements international diabetes federation. Mar 30, 2020 the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in east asia may range from 8% in men and from 218% in women, depending on the population and definitions used. Presence of metabolic syndrome mets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 dm increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its determinants. Although the metabolic syndrome has existed in various forms and definitions for more than eight decades, only in the past 5 years has real controversy about its definition and significance emerged. Prevalence and distribution of metabolic syndrome and its. In the united states, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in nonhispanic white men than. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were all highest in central europe compared with the other three regions. Epidemiology of urolithiasis in asia sciencedirect.
This study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among indonesian people based on the province and ethnic groups. It is a prothrombotic and proinflammatory state characterized. The prevalence of mets in south asians varies according to region, extent of urbanization, lifestyle patterns, and socioeconomiccultural factors. Reyes syndrome in the united states from 1981 through 1997. We set out to determine the prevalence of mets and its components in different ethnic groups. The diseases with which the metabolic syndrome is associated and predicts. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes and obesity and its determinants in south asians prevalence and projections the global diabetes pandemic has been referred to as a tsunami, with the potential to exert inexorable and unsustainable pressure on health costs. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with body. Educational disparities in the metabolic syndrome in a. The metabolic syndrome is a combination of several metabolic and physiological abnormalities, including insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia increased triglycerides, lowhdl cholesterol, or both in the same individual, and is associated with a high risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease cvd, and subsequent premature. A search was conducted on pubmed, scopus and ovidsp medline and embase using the term metabolic syndrome, prevalence and the name of each south asian country for studies published on or after the year 2000. Asian populations develop metabolic complications at lower amounts of adiposity than western populations.
Asian americans have greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Mets is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease cvd. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an indian urban. Thus, metabolic syndrome should be considered as a prime target for preventive medicine. Mar 27, 2015 the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components in south asia region. Therefore, recognition of mets in type 2 dm is important in initiating the appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures. Although there have been previous studies on the prevalence of ms in china, the prevalence may have changed with lifestyle changes over the last decade. The worldwide prevalence, incidence and composition of calculi varies and have changed in the last several decades, with prevalence ranging from 7% to % in north america, 5%9% in europe, and 1%5% in asia. The asia pacific region is home to nearly half of the worlds population. Out of total 5 components of mets, patients with fatty liver disease had 3. Pdf prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among.
A search for each risk factor and its relation to mets was conducted. Among southeast asian countries, indonesia is the most populated. Since reaven 1 proposed the concept of the metabolic syndrome, it has attracted enormous attention in relation to the risk of morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease chd. Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in asia request pdf. The weighted mean prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 14. Our study24 figure 3 found that aborigines residing in taiwan had a much greater risk of ascertaining metabolic. Dec 20, 2009 many of these manifestations are more severe and are seen at an early age childhood in south asians than caucasians. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased from 8. Mean bmi in patients with metabolic syndrome was 26. Cardiovascular risk factors were obtained from physical examination. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among a number of asian populations as defined by several current criteria has been increasing rapidly. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among adults in.
The metabolic syndrome is currently defined as a clustering of metabolic abnormalities that include central obesity, hypertension, decreased high. Age of menarche and the metabolic syndrome in china. About 34 percent of adult americans are estimated to have it. Metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis series editior.
The study revealed a prevalence of metabolic syndrome affected 68% of central europe, 60% of the atlantic european mainland, 52% of the mediterranean regions and 50% of northwest europe. Data on mets in asia pacific countries were obtained using a stepwise process by searching the online medline database using mesh terms metabolic syndrome x and epidemiology ep. South asia is home to one of the largest population of people with metabolic syndrome mets. Metabolic syndrome is present in 10% of women and 15% of men with normal glucose tolerance. Association between serum uric acid and metabolic syndrome. The role of abdominal obesity in the metabolic differences between the two populations is poorly understood. Koenig,2 dinan abdelatif,2 yousef fazel,2 linda henry,3 and mark wymer1,2 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nafld is a major cause of liver disease worldwide.
Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among adults in the. A search for the association between mets and cvd and mets and t2dm was conducted and also a search of cvd and t2dm alone. To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome mets according to the international diabetes federation idf and adult treatment panel atp iii criteria among working east african adults. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in saudi arabia was found to be 39. Review article epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome in. Objective the number of people with metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide, and changes in socioenvironmental factors contribute to this increase. Metabolic syndrome mets is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that includes hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome in asia 39 recent study from taiwan21, korea22, and australian abo rigines23 further supported this hypothesis. Pdf the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in south asia. Metsyn prevalence is present in approximately 25% of all adults with increased prevalence in advanced ages. Of the 1207 cases of reye syndrome reported to the cdc between 1980 to 1997, 93% occurred in white patients. The metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in a. However, the overall increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence over the 10 years was significantly higher in men 6.
Asian americans have greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome despite lower body mass index. The prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing in india and other south asian countries, leading to increased morbidity and mortality due to type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm and cardiovascular disease cvd. Type 2 diabetes has rapidly developed into a major public health problem in south asia defined here as bangladesh, bhutan, india, nepal, pakistan, and sri lanka in recent decades. The purpose of study was to examine the of the individual risk factors metabolic syndrome aswell the prevalence of metabolic syndrome sex in the national health and nutrition examination survey nhanes 20032006. The metabolic syndrome otherwise called syndrome x, insulin resistance syndrome, reaven syndrome, and the deadly quartetis the name given to the aggregate of clinical conditions comprising central and abdominal obesity, systemic hypertension, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among ethnic groups in. An urbanrural comparison of the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in eastern china volume 10 issue 2 xiaoping weng, youxue liu, jiemin ma. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in pakistan metabolic. Pdf epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome in the usa. Metabolic syndrome in south asians pubmed central pmc. Metabolic syndrome mets is common in china, which has a multiethnic population of billion. Metabolic syndrome mets represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, and is strongly associated with an increased risk for developing diabetes and atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic cardiovascular disease cvd. Objective the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and pattern of the metabolic syndrome and its association with hyperinsulinemia in an urban korean population of 269 men and 505 women.
With the high prevalence of all of these metabolic risk factors, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in pakistan according to different definitions is reported to be from 18% to 46%, comparable to the data from other south asian countries. Pdf prevalence of metabolic syndrome in saudi arabia a. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous heart attack risk factors. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome in the adult us population, 19992010. The presence of one component of metsyn increases the risk of developing metsyn later in life and likely represents a high lifetime burden of. During 20072012, nonhispanic black men were less likely than nonhispanic white men to have metabolic syndrome odds ratio or, 0. Although prevalence of obesity as defined by the world health organization who is relatively low in asia compared to western countries, metabolic syndrome. Recent data show that about onethird of the urban population in large cities in india has the mets. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and framingham risk score. Cardiovascular mortality is markedly increased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.
During this period, major lifestyle changes associated with economic transition, industrialisation, urbanisation, and globalisation have been key determinants in the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases. Metabolic syndrome is common and is increasing in prevalence worldwide, largely attributed to increasing obesity and sedentary lifestyles, and now is both a public health and clinical problem. The objective of this study was to assess the differences in prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome among. In all studies, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men was higher. In recent years this syndrome has become much more common in the united states. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among adults. Changes in lifestyle and diet have led to an increase in prevalence of metabolic syndrome in many parts of the world including asia. Sorry, we are unable to provide the full text but you may find it at the following locations.
Request pdf epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in asia metabolic syndrome ms is a rising disease entity characterized by a clustering of metabolic conditions. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease cvd, with insulin resistance proposed as a linking factor 18. P prevalence of metabolic syndrome among korean adults by sex in the four knhaness is shown according to agegroups. Epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in asia. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in south asians is also heightened by their higher body fat, truncal subcutaneous fat, intraabdominal fat, and ectopic fat deposition liver fat, etc. This crosssectional study of 1,935 individuals 1,171 men and 764 women was conducted among working adults in addis ababa, ethiopia. Metabolic syndrome mets increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
The region has seen a recent rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity, type2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome prevalence by raceethnicity and sex in. Metabolic syndrome was defined using a revised national cholesterol education program def inition 18, which adopted an asianspecific wc. Metabolic syndrome ms is characterised by a constellation of individual risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome among adults in the asiapacific region. This first simple, unified definition from the idf for children and adolescents is. Certain types of workers such as shift workers may have a greater risk for metabolic syndrome, a precursor of cvd. A total of 548 subjects, who attended the cardiac evaluation camp, were recruited in the study. The metabolic syndrome is a common complex entity that has emerged as a worldwide epidemic and major public health care concern with a prevalence of approximately 25% in the united states. Increased prevalence worldwide affects both developed countries as well as developing countries, including the asia pacific region. This first simple, unified definition from the idf for children and adolescents is consistent with that available for adults. Nephrolithiasis is one of the most prevalent urologic diseases in asia. Research design and methods the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel atp iii guidelines were used to calculate the sexspecific prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. This nationwide crosssectional survey involved 24,796 participants from eight ethnicities in six provinces in china from 2008 to 2011.
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